syslog-ng Premium Edition 7.0.30 - Administration Guide

Version 7.0.12 of syslog-ng PE can directly post log messages to a Splunk deployment using the HTTP Event Collector (HEC) over the HTTP and Secure HTTP (HTTPS) protocols.

HTTPS connection, as well as password- and certificate-based authentication is supported. The content of the events is sent in JSON format.

NOTE: Typically, only the central syslog-ng PE server uses this destination. For more information on the server mode, see Server mode.

Declaration

d_splunk_hec {
    splunk_hec(
        #mandatory
        index("<splunk-index-to-store-messages>")
        token("<event-collector-tokens>")
        url("http://<your-splunk-server>:8088/services/collector/event")
    );
};

Prerequisites

On your Splunk deployment, you must enable HTTP Event Collector (HEC).
On your Splunk deployment, you must create a token for syslog-ng PE. You must use this token in the token() option of your splunk-hec() destination. We recommend to use the syslog source type for the token.

For details, see Set up and use HTTP Event Collector in Splunk Web.

Example: Sending log data to Splunk

The following example defines a splunk-hec() destination.

d_splunk_hec {
    splunk_hec(
        # mandatory
        index("<splunk-index-to-store-messages>")
        token("<event-collector-tokens>")
        url("http://<your-splunk-server>:8088/services/collector/event")

        # optional
        batch_lines(25)
        workers(4)
        source("syslog-ng")
        sourcetype("${.app.name:-syslog}")
        delimiter("\n")
        time("$S_UNIXTIME.$S_MSEC")
        host("$HOST")
        event("$S_ISODATE $HOST $MSGHDR$MSG\n")
        timeout(10));
    );
};

log {
    source(s_file);
    destination(d_splunk_hec);
    flags(flow-control);
};

Batch mode and load balancing

Sending and storing log messages — destinations and destination drivers > splunk-hec: Sending messages to Splunk HTTP Event Collector > Batch mode and load balancing

The splunk-hec() destination automatically sends multiple log messages in a single HTTP request, increasing the rate of messages that your Splunk deployment can consume. For details on adjusting and fine-tuning the batch mode of the splunk-hec() destination, see the following section.

Batch size

The batch-lines(), batch-lines(), and batch-timeout() options of the destination determine how many log messages syslog-ng PE sends in a batch. The batch-lines() option determines the maximum number of messages syslog-ng PE puts in a batch in. This can be limited based on size and time:

syslog-ng PE sends a batch every batch-timeout() milliseconds, even if the number of messages in the batch is less than batch-lines(). This ensures that the destination receives every message in a timely manner even if suddenly there are no more messages.
syslog-ng PE sends the batch if the total size of the messages in the batch reaches batch-bytes() bytes.

To increase the performance of the destination, increase the number of worker threads for the destination using the workers() option, or adjust the batch-bytes(), batch-lines(), batch-timeout() options.

Example: HTTP batch mode

In the following example, a batch consists of 100 messages, or a maximum of 512 kilobytes, and is sent every 20 seconds (20000 milliseconds).

destination d_splunk-hec {
    splunk-hec(url("http://your-splunk-server:8088/services/collector/event")
        index("<splunk-index-to-store-messages>")
        token("<event-collector-tokens>")
        url("http://your-splunk-server:8088/services/collector/event")
        batch-lines(100)
        batch-bytes(512Kb)
        batch-timeout(10000)
    );
};

Load balancing between multiple Splunk indexers

Starting with version 7.0.12, you can specify multiple URLs, for example, url("site1" "site2"). In this case, syslog-ng PE sends log messages to the specified URLs in a load-balance fashion. This means that syslog-ng PE sends each message to only one URL. For example, you can use this to send the messages to a set of ingestion nodes or indexers of your SIEM solution if a single node cannot handle the load. Note that the order of the messages as they arrive on the servers can differ from the order syslog-ng PE has received them, so use load-balancing only if your server can use the timestamp from the messages. If the server uses the timestamp when it receives the messages, the order of the messages will be incorrect.

Caution:

If you set multiple URLs in the url() option, set the persist-name() option as well to avoid data loss.

Example: HTTP load balancing

The following destination sends log messages to 3 different Splunk indexer nodes. Each node is assigned a separate worker thread. A batch consists of 100 messages, or a maximum of 512 kilobytes, and is sent every 20 seconds (20000 milliseconds).

destination d_splunk-hec {
    splunk-hec(url("http://your-splunk-server1:8088/services/collector/event" "http://your-splunk-server2:8088/services/collector/event" "http://your-splunk-server3:8088/services/collector/event")
        batch-lines(100)
        batch-bytes(512Kb)
        batch-timeout(20000)
        persist-name("d_splunk-hec-load-balance")
    );
};

If you are using load-balancing (that is, you have configured multiple servers in the url() option), increase the number of worker threads at least to the number of servers. For example, if you have set three URLs (url("site1" "site2" "site3")), set the workers() option to 3 or more.

splunk-hec destination options

Sending and storing log messages — destinations and destination drivers > splunk-hec: Sending messages to Splunk HTTP Event Collector > splunk-hec destination options

The splunk-hec destination of syslog-ng PE can directly post log messages to a Splunk deployment using the HTTP Event Collector (HEC) over the HTTP and Secure HTTP (HTTPS) protocols. The splunk-hec destination has the following options. The required options are: index(), token(), and url().

batch-bytes()

Accepted values:	number [bytes]
Default:	none

Description: Sets the maximum size of payload in a batch. If the size of the messages reaches this value, syslog-ng PE sends the batch to the destination even if the number of messages is less than the value of the batch-lines() option.

Note that if the batch-timeout() option is enabled and the queue becomes empty, syslog-ng PE flushes the messages only if batch-timeout() expires, or the batch reaches the limit set in batch-bytes().

Available in syslog-ng PE version 7.0.12 and later.

For details on how this option influences batch mode, see splunk-hec: Sending messages to Splunk HTTP Event Collector

batch-lines()

Type:	number
Default:	25

Description: Specifies how many lines are flushed to a destination in one batch. The syslog-ng PE application waits for this number of lines to accumulate and sends them off in a single batch. Increasing this number increases throughput as more messages are sent in a single batch, but also increases message latency.

For example, if you set batch-lines() to 100, syslog-ng PE waits for 100 messages.

If the batch-timeout() option is disabled, the syslog-ng PE application flushes the messages if it has sent batch-lines() number of messages, or the queue became empty. If you stop or reload syslog-ng PE or in case of network sources, the connection with the client is closed, syslog-ng PE automatically sends the unsent messages to the destination.

If the batch-timeout() option is enabled and the queue becomes empty, syslog-ng PE flushes the messages only if batch-timeout() expires, or the batch reaches the limit set in batch-lines().

For optimal performance, make sure that the syslog-ng PE source that feeds messages to this destination is configured properly: the value of the log-iw-size() option of the source must be higher than the batch-lines()*workers() of the destination. Otherwise, the size of the batches cannot reach the batch-lines() limit.

For details on how this option influences batch mode, see splunk-hec: Sending messages to Splunk HTTP Event Collector

batch-timeout()

Type:	time [milliseconds]
Default:	-1 (disabled)

Description: Specifies the time syslog-ng PE waits for lines to accumulate in the output buffer. The syslog-ng PE application sends batches to the destinations evenly. The timer starts when the first message arrives to the buffer, so if only few messages arrive, syslog-ng PE sends messages to the destination once every batch-timeout() milliseconds at most.

For details on how this option influences batch mode, see splunk-hec: Sending messages to Splunk HTTP Event Collector

body-prefix()

Accepted values:	string
Default:	none

Description: The string syslog-ng PE puts at the beginning of the body of the HTTP request, before the log message. Available in syslog-ng PE version 7.0.11 and later.

For details on how this option influences batch mode, see splunk-hec: Sending messages to Splunk HTTP Event Collector

body-suffix()

Accepted values:	string
Default:	none

Description: The string syslog-ng PE puts to the end of the body of the HTTP request, after the log message. Available in syslog-ng PE version 7.0.11 and later.

For details on how this option influences batch mode, see splunk-hec: Sending messages to Splunk HTTP Event Collector

ca-dir()

Accepted values:	directory name
Default:	none

Description: Name of a directory, that contains a set of trusted CA certificates in PEM format. The CA certificate files have to be named after the 32-bit hash of the subject's name. This naming can be created using the c_rehash utility in OpenSSL. For an example, see Configuring TLS on the syslog-ng clients. The syslog-ng PE application uses the CA certificates in this directory to validate the certificate of the peer.

An alternative way to specify this option is to put it into a tls() block, together with any other TLS options. This allows you to separate these options and ensure better readability.

Make sure that you specify TLS options either using their own dedicated option (ca-dir(), ca-file(), cert-file(), cipher-suite(), key-file(), peer-verify(), and ssl-version()), or using the tls() block and inserting the relevant options within tls(). Avoid mixing the two methods. If you do specify TLS options in both ways, the one that comes later in the configuration file will take effect.

Declaration

destination d_splunk-hec {
	splunk-hec(
		url("http://your-splunk-server3:8088/services/collector/event")
		tls(
			ca-dir("dir")
			ca-file("ca")
			cert-file("cert")
			cipher-suite("cipher")
			key-file("key")
			peer-verify(yes|no)
			ssl-version(<the permitted SSL/TLS version>)
		)
	);
};

ca-file()

Accepted values:	Filename
Default:	none

Description: Name of a file that contains an X.509 CA certificate (or a certificate chain) in PEM format. The syslog-ng PE application uses this certificate to validate the certificate of the HTTPS server. If the file contains a certificate chain, the file must begin with the certificate of the host, followed by the CA certificate that signed the certificate of the host, and any other signing CAs in order.

An alternative way to specify this option is to put it into a tls() block, together with any other TLS options. This allows you to separate these options and ensure better readability.

Declaration

destination d_splunk-hec {
	splunk-hec(
		url("http://your-splunk-server3:8088/services/collector/event")
		tls(
			ca-dir("dir")
			ca-file("ca")
			cert-file("cert")
			cipher-suite("cipher")
			key-file("key")
			peer-verify(yes|no)
			ssl-version(<the permitted SSL/TLS version>)
		)
	);
};

cert-file()

Accepted values:	Filename
Default:	none

Description: Name of a file, that contains an X.509 certificate (or a certificate chain) in PEM format, suitable as a TLS certificate, matching the private key set in the key-file() option. The syslog-ng PE application uses this certificate to authenticate the syslog-ng PE client on the destination server. If the file contains a certificate chain, the file must begin with the certificate of the host, followed by the CA certificate that signed the certificate of the host, and any other signing CAs in order.

An alternative way to specify this option is to put it into a tls() block, together with any other TLS options. This allows you to separate these options and ensure better readability.

Declaration

destination d_splunk-hec {
	splunk-hec(
		url("http://your-splunk-server3:8088/services/collector/event")
		tls(
			ca-dir("dir")
			ca-file("ca")
			cert-file("cert")
			cipher-suite("cipher")
			key-file("key")
			peer-verify(yes|no)
			ssl-version(<the permitted SSL/TLS version>)
		)
	);
};

cipher-suite()

Accepted values:	Name of a cipher, or a colon-separated list
Default:	Depends on the OpenSSL version that syslog-ng PE uses

Description: Specifies the cipher, hash, and key-exchange algorithms used for the encryption, for example, ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384. The list of available algorithms depends on the version of OpenSSL used to compile syslog-ng PE. To specify multiple ciphers, separate the cipher names with a colon, and enclose the list between double-quotes, for example:

cipher-suite("ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384")

An alternative way to specify this option is to put it into a tls() block, together with any other TLS options. This allows you to separate these options and ensure better readability.

Declaration

destination d_splunk-hec {
	splunk-hec(
		url("http://your-splunk-server3:8088/services/collector/event")
		tls(
			ca-dir("dir")
			ca-file("ca")
			cert-file("cert")
			cipher-suite("cipher")
			key-file("key")
			peer-verify(yes|no)
			ssl-version(<the permitted SSL/TLS version>)
		)
	);
};

delimiter()

Accepted values:	string
Default:	newline character

Description: By default, syslog-ng PE separates the log messages of the batch with a newline character. You can specify a different delimiter by using the delimiter() option.

For details on how this option influences batch mode, see splunk-hec: Sending messages to Splunk HTTP Event Collector

disk-buffer()

Description: This option enables putting outgoing messages into the disk-buffer file of the destination to avoid message loss in case of a system failure on the destination side. It has the following options:

dir()

Type:

string

Default:

N/A

Description: Defines the folder where the disk-buffer files are stored.

Note that changing the value the dir() option will not move or copy existing files from the old directory to the new one.

Caution:

When creating a new dir() option for a disk-buffer file, or modifying an existing one, make sure you delete the persist file.

syslog-ng PE creates disk-buffer files based on the path recorded in the persist file. Therefore, if the persist file is not deleted after modifying the dir() option, then following a restart, syslog-ng PE will look for or create disk-buffer files in their old location. To ensure that syslog-ng PE uses the new dir() setting, the persist file must not contain any information about the destinations which the disk-buffer file in question belongs to.

disk-buf-size()
Type:	number [bytes]
Default:
Description: This is a required option. The maximum size of the disk-buffer file in bytes. The minimum value is 1048576 bytes. If you set a smaller value, the minimum value will be used automatically. It replaces the old log-disk-fifo-size() option.

mem-buf-length()
Type:	number [messages]
Default:	10000
Description: Use this option if the option reliable() is set to no. This option contains the number of messages stored in overflow queue. It replaces the old log-fifo-size() option. It inherits the value of the global log-fifo-size() option if provided. If it is not provided, the default value is 10000 messages. Note that this option will be ignored if the option reliable() is set to yes.

mem-buf-size()
Type:	number [bytes]
Default:	163840000
Description: Use this option if the option reliable() is set to yes. This option contains the size of the messages in bytes that is used in the memory part of the disk-buffer file. It replaces the old log-fifo-size() option. It does not inherit the value of the global log-fifo-size() option, even if it is provided. Note that this option will be ignored if the option reliable() is set to no.

quot-size()
Type:	number [messages]
Default:	1000
Description: The number of messages stored in the output buffer of the destination. Note that if you change the value of this option and the disk-buffer file already exists, the change will take effect when the disk-buffer file becomes empty.

reliable()

Type:

yes|no

Default:

Description: If set to yes, syslog-ng PE cannot lose logs in case of reload/restart, unreachable destination or syslog-ng PE crash. This solution provides a slower, but reliable disk-buffer option. It is created and initialized at startup and gradually grows as new messages arrive. If set to no, the normal disk-buffer option will be used. This provides a faster, but less reliable disk-buffer option.

Caution: Hazard of data loss!

If you change the value of reliable() option when there are messages in the disk-buffer file, the messages stored in the disk-buffer file will be lost.

truncate-size-ratio()

Type:

number (for percentage) between 0 and 1

Default:

0.1 (10%)

Description: Limits the truncation of the disk-buffer file. Truncating the disk-buffer file can slow down disk I/O operations, but it saves disk space. As a result, syslog-ng PE only truncates the file if the possible disk gain is more than truncate-size-ratio() times disk-buf-size().

Caution:

One Identity recommends that you do not modify the value of the truncate-size-ratio() option unless you are fully aware of the potential performance implications.

Example: Examples for using disk-buffer()

In the following case, reliable disk-buffer() is used.

destination d_demo {
    network("127.0.0.1"
        port(3333)
        disk-buffer(
            mem-buf-size(10000)
            disk-buf-size(2000000)
            reliable(yes)
            dir("/tmp/disk-buffer")
        )
    );
};

In the following case normal disk-buffer() is used.

destination d_demo {
    network("127.0.0.1"
        port(3333)
        disk-buffer(
            mem-buf-length(10000)
            disk-buf-size(2000000)
            reliable(no)
            dir("/tmp/disk-buffer")
        )
    );
};

event()

Type:	template
Default:	${S_ISODATE} ${HOST} ${MSGHDR}${MSG}\n

Description: The body of the message that syslog-ng PE sends to Splunk. The content of the events (the value of the ${MSG} macro) is sent in JSON format.

hook-commands()

Description: This option makes it possible to execute external programs when the relevant driver is initialized or torn down. The hook-commands() can be used with all source and destination drivers with the exception of the usertty() and internal() drivers.

NOTE: The syslog-ng PE application must be able to start and restart the external program, and have the necessary permissions to do so. For example, if your host is running AppArmor or SELinux, you might have to modify your AppArmor or SELinux configuration to enable syslog-ng PE to execute external applications.

Using the hook-commands() when syslog-ng PE starts or stops

To execute an external program when syslog-ng PE starts or stops, use the following options:

startup()
Type:	string
Default:	N/A
Description: Defines the external program that is executed when syslog-ng PE starts.

shutdown()
Type:	string
Default:	N/A
Description: Defines the external program that is executed when syslog-ng PE stops.

Using the hook-commands() when syslog-ng PE reloads

To execute an external program when the syslog-ng PE configuration is initiated or torn down (for example, on startup/shutdown or during a syslog-ng PE reload), use the following options:

setup()
Type:	string
Default:	N/A
Description: Defines an external program that is executed when the syslog-ng PE configuration is initiated, for example, on startup or during a syslog-ng PE reload.

teardown()
Type:	string
Default:	N/A
Description: Defines an external program that is executed when the syslog-ng PE configuration is stopped or torn down, for example, on shutdown or during a syslog-ng PE reload.

Example: Using the hook-commands() with a network source

In the following example, the hook-commands() is used with the network() driver and it opens an iptables port automatically when syslog-ng PE is started/stopped.

The assumption in this example is that the LOGCHAIN chain is part of a larger ruleset that routes traffic to it. Whenever the syslog-ng PE created rule is there, packets can flow (otherwise the port is closed).

source {
  network(transport(udp)
    hook-commands(
      startup("iptables -I LOGCHAIN 1 -p udp --dport 514 -j ACCEPT")
      shutdown("iptables -D LOGCHAIN 1")
    ;)
  );
};

host()

Type:	template
Default:	${HOST}

Description: The hostname for the message that syslog-ng PE sends to Splunk. In Splunk, the message will appear as it has been sent by this host.

index()

Accepted values:	string
Default:	None

Description: The name of the Splunk index where Splunk will store the messages received from syslog-ng PE. This option is mandatory for this destination.

log-fifo-size()

Type:	number
Default:	Use global setting.

Description: The number of messages that the output queue can store.

key-file()

Accepted values:	Filename
Default:	none

Description: Path and name of a file that contains a private key in PEM format, suitable as a TLS key. If properly configured, the syslog-ng PE application uses this private key and the matching certificate (set in the cert-file() option) to authenticate the syslog-ng PE client on the destination server.

This destination supports only unencrypted key files (that is, the private key cannot be password-protected).

An alternative way to specify this option is to put it into a tls() block, together with any other TLS options. This allows you to separate these options and ensure better readability.

Declaration

destination d_splunk-hec {
	splunk-hec(
		url("http://your-splunk-server3:8088/services/collector/event")
		tls(
			ca-dir("dir")
			ca-file("ca")
			cert-file("cert")
			cipher-suite("cipher")
			key-file("key")
			peer-verify(yes|no)
			ssl-version(<the permitted SSL/TLS version>)
		)
	);
};

method()

Type:	POST \| PUT
Default:	POST

Description: Specifies the HTTP method to use when sending the message to the server.

password()

Type:	string
Default:

Description: The password that syslog-ng PE uses to authenticate on the server where it sends the messages.

peer-verify()

Accepted values:	yes \| no
Default:	yes

Description: Verification method of the peer. The following table summarizes the possible options and their results depending on the certificate of the peer.

		The remote peer has:
		no certificate	invalid certificate	valid certificate
Local peer-verify() setting	no (optional-untrusted)	TLS-encryption	TLS-encryption	TLS-encryption
Local peer-verify() setting	yes (required-trusted)	rejected connection	rejected connection	TLS-encryption

For untrusted certificates only the existence of the certificate is checked, but it does not have to be valid — syslog-ng accepts the certificate even if it is expired, signed by an unknown CA, or its CN and the name of the machine mismatches.

Caution:

When validating a certificate, the entire certificate chain must be valid, including the CA certificate. If any certificate of the chain is invalid, syslog-ng PE will reject the connection.

An alternative way to specify this option is to put it into a tls() block, together with any other TLS options. This allows you to separate these options and ensure better readability.

Declaration

destination d_splunk-hec {
	splunk-hec(
		url("http://your-splunk-server3:8088/services/collector/event")
		tls(
			ca-dir("dir")
			ca-file("ca")
			cert-file("cert")
			cipher-suite("cipher")
			key-file("key")
			peer-verify(yes|no)
			ssl-version(<the permitted SSL/TLS version>)
		)
	);
};

persist-name()

Type:	string
Default:	None

Description:If you receive the following error message during syslog-ng PE startup, set the persist-name() option of the duplicate drivers:

Error checking the uniqueness of the persist names, please override it with persist-name option. Shutting down.

This error occurs if you use identical drivers in multiple sources, for example, if you configure two file sources to read from the same file. In this case, set the persist-name() of the drivers to a custom string, for example, persist-name("example-persist-name1").

proxy()

Type:	The proxy server address, in proxy("PROXY_IP:PORT") format. For example, proxy("http://myproxy:3128")
Default:	None

Description:

The proxy() option enables you to configure the splunk-hec driver to use a specific HTTP proxy for all HTTP-based destinations, instead of using the proxy that is configured for the system.

If you do not set the proxy() option, the splunk-hec driver uses the http_proxy and https_proxy environment variables, as shown in CURLOPT_PROXY explained.

NOTE: Configuring the proxy() option overwrites the default http_proxy and https_proxy environment variables.

retries()

Type:	number [of attempts]
Default:	3

Description: The number of times syslog-ng PE attempts to send a message to this destination. If syslog-ng PE could not send a message, it will try again until the number of attempts reaches retries(), then drops the message.

To handle HTTP error responses, if the HTTP server returns 5xx codes, syslog-ng PE will attempt to resend messages until the number of attempts reaches retries. If the HTTP server returns 4xx codes, syslog-ng PE will drop the messages.

source()

Type:	string
Default:	syslog-ng

Description: The value of the source field in Splunk.

sourcetype()

Type:	string
Default:	.app.name:-syslog

Description: The source type that you set in Splunk for the token that syslog-ng PE uses. For details about source types, see the Splunk documentation.

ssl-version()

Type:	string
Default:	None, uses the libcurl default

Description: Specifies the permitted SSL/TLS version. Possible values: sslv2, sslv3, tlsv1, tlsv1_0, tlsv1_1, tlsv1_2, tlsv1_3.

An alternative way to specify this option is to put it into a tls() block, together with any other TLS options. This allows you to separate these options and ensure better readability.

Declaration

destination d_splunk-hec {
	splunk-hec(
		url("http://your-splunk-server3:8088/services/collector/event")
		tls(
			ca-dir("dir")
			ca-file("ca")
			cert-file("cert")
			cipher-suite("cipher")
			key-file("key")
			peer-verify(yes|no)
			ssl-version(<the permitted SSL/TLS version>)
		)
	);
};

template()

Type:	string
Default:	A format conforming to the default logfile format.

Description: Specifies a template defining the logformat to be used in the destination. Macros are described in Macros of syslog-ng PE. Please note that for network destinations it might not be appropriate to change the template as it changes the on-wire format of the syslog protocol which might not be tolerated by stock syslog receivers (like syslogd or syslog-ng itself). For network destinations make sure the receiver can cope with the custom format defined.

throttle()

Type:	number
Default:	0

Description: Sets the maximum number of messages sent to the destination per second. Use this output-rate-limiting functionality only when using the disk-buffer option as well to avoid the risk of losing messages. Specifying 0 or a lower value sets the output limit to unlimited.

time()

Type:	template
Default:	${S_UNIXTIME}.${S_MSEC}

Description: The timestamp for the message that syslog-ng PE sends to Splunk.

timeout()

Type:	number [seconds]
Default:	10

Description: The value (in seconds) to wait for an operation to complete, and attempt to reconnect the server if exceeded.

token()

Accepted values:	string
Default:	None

Description: The Splunk HTTP Event Collector token that permits syslog-ng PE to send messages to Splunk. For details, see Set up and use HTTP Event Collector in Splunk Web. This option is mandatory for this destination.

url()

Type:	URL or list of URLs, for example, url("site1" "site2")
Default:	http://localhost:8088/services/collector/event

Description: Specifies the hostname or IP address and optionally the port number of the Splunk indexer. Use a colon (:) after the address to specify the port number of the server. For example: http://your-splunk-indexer.server:8088/services/collector/event

This option is mandatory for this destination.

Make sure that the URL ends with event, this is the Splunk API endpoint that properly parses the messages sent by syslog-ng PE.

In case the server on the specified URL returns a redirect request, syslog-ng PE automatically follows maximum 3 redirects. Only HTTP and HTTPS based redirections are supported.

Caution:

If you set multiple URLs in the url() option, set the persist-name() option as well to avoid data loss.

user-agent()

Type:	string
Default:	syslog-ng [version]/libcurl[version]

Description: The value of the USER-AGENT header in the messages sent to the server.

user()

Type:	string
Default:

Description: The username that syslog-ng PE uses to authenticate on the server where it sends the messages.

use-system-cert-store()

Type:	yes \| no
Default:	no

Description: Use the certificate store of the system for verifying HTTPS certificates. For details, see the curl documentation.

workers()

Type:	integer
Default:	4

Description: Specifies the number of worker threads (at least 1) that syslog-ng PE uses to send messages to the server. Increasing the number of worker threads can drastically improve the performance of the destination.

Caution:

Hazard of data loss!

When you use more than one worker threads together with the disk-buffer option, syslog-ng PE creates a separate disk-buffer file for each worker thread. This means that decreasing the number of workers can result in losing data currently stored in the disk-buffer files. Do not decrease the number of workers when the disk-buffer files are in use.

sql(): Storing messages in an SQL database

Sending and storing log messages — destinations and destination drivers > sql(): Storing messages in an SQL database

The sql() driver sends messages into an SQL database. Currently the Microsoft SQL (MSSQL), MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, and SQLite databases are supported.

NOTE: To use this destination, syslog-ng Premium Edition (syslog-ng PE) must run in server mode. Typically, only the central syslog-ng PE server uses this destination. For more information on the server mode, see Server mode.

Declaration

sql(database_type host_parameters database_parameters [options]);

The sql() driver has the following required parameters: type(), database(), table(), columns(), and values().

Caution:

The syslog-ng Premium Edition (syslog-ng PE) application requires read and write access to the SQL table, otherwise it cannot verify that the destination table exists.

Currently the syslog-ng PE application has default schemas for the different databases and uses these defaults if the database schema (for example, columns and column types) is not defined in the configuration file. However, these schemas will be deprecated and specifying the exact database schema will be required in later versions of syslog-ng PE.

NOTE: In addition to the standard syslog-ng PE packages, the sql() destination requires database-specific packages to be installed. These packages are automatically installed by the binary syslog-ng PE installer.

The sql() driver is currently not available for every platform that is supported by syslog-ng PE. .

The table and value parameters can include macros to create tables and columns dynamically (for details, see Macros of syslog-ng PE).

Caution:

When using macros in table names, note that some databases limit the maximum allowed length of table names. Consult the documentation of the database for details.

Inserting the records into the database is performed by a separate thread. The syslog-ng PE application automatically performs the escaping required to insert the messages into the database.

Example: Using the sql() driver

The following example sends the log messages into a PostgreSQL database running on the logserver host. The messages are inserted into the logs database, the name of the table includes the exact date and the name of the host sending the messages. The syslog-ng PE application automatically creates the required tables and columns, if the user account used to connect to the database has the required privileges.

destination d_sql {
    sql(
        type(pgsql)
        host("logserver")
        username("syslog-ng")
        password("password")
        database("logs")
        table("messages_${HOST}_${R_YEAR}${R_MONTH}${R_DAY}")
        columns("datetime", "host", "program", "pid", "message")
        values("{$R_DATE}", "${HOST}", "${PROGRAM}", "${PID}", "${MSGONLY}")
        indexes("datetime", "host", "program", "pid", "message")
    );
};

The following example specifies the type of the database columns as well:

destination d_sql {
    sql(
        type(pgsql)
        host("logserver")
        username("syslog-ng")
        password("password")
        database("logs")
        table("messages_${HOST}_${R_YEAR}${R_MONTH}${R_DAY}")
        columns("datetime varchar(16)", "host varchar(32)", "program  varchar(20)", "pid varchar(8)", "message  varchar(200)")
        values("${R_DATE}", "${HOST}", "${PROGRAM}", "${PID}", "${MSGONLY}")
        indexes("datetime", "host", "program", "pid", "message")
    );
};

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sql(): Storing messages in an SQL database

Declaration

Example: Using the sql() driver