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One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions 7.5 - Administration Guide

Preface Introduction The concepts of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
The philosophy of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Policies Credential Stores Plugin framework Indexing Supported protocols and client applications Modes of operation Connecting to a server through One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Archive and backup concepts Maximizing the scope of auditing IPv6 in One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) SSH host keys Authenticating clients using public-key authentication in SSH The gateway authentication process Four-eyes authorization Network interfaces High Availability support in One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Versions and releases of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Accessing and configuring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Cloud deployment considerations The Welcome Wizard and the first login Basic settings
Supported web browsers The structure of the web interface Network settings Configuring date and time System logging, SNMP and e-mail alerts Configuring system monitoring on SPS Data and configuration backups Archiving Cleaning up audit data Using plugins Forwarding data to third-party systems Starling integration
User management and access control
Login settings Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) users locally Setting password policies for local users Managing local user groups Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) users from an LDAP database Authenticating users to a RADIUS server Authenticating users with X.509 certificates Authenticating users with SAML2 Managing user rights and usergroups Creating rules for restricting access to search audit data Displaying the privileges of users and user groups Listing and searching configuration changes
Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Controlling One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS): reboot, shutdown Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) clusters Managing a High Availability One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) cluster Upgrading One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Managing the One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) license Accessing the One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) console Sealed mode Out-of-band management of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Managing the certificates used on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
General connection settings HTTP-specific settings ICA-specific settings MSSQL-specific settings RDP-specific settings SSH-specific settings Using Sudo with SPS Telnet-specific settings VMware Horizon View connections VNC-specific settings Indexing audit trails Using the Search interface Advanced authentication and authorization techniques Reports The One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) REST API One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) scenarios Troubleshooting One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Network troubleshooting Gathering data about system problems Viewing logs on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Changing log verbosity level of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Collecting logs and system information for error reporting Collecting logs and system information of the boot process for error reporting Support hotfixes Status history and statistics Troubleshooting a One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) cluster Understanding One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) RAID status Restoring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) configuration and data VNC is not working with TLS Configuring the IPMI from the BIOS after losing IPMI password Incomplete TSA response received Using UPN usernames in audited SSH connections
Using SPS with SPP Configuring external devices Using SCP with agent-forwarding Security checklist for configuring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Jumplists for in-product help Configuring SPS to use an LDAP backend Glossary

Viewing session details

View the session details of each session for in-depth information on each of the indexed session stored in the connection database. You can use it to gain contextual insight about the indexed session and its events.

You can view session details for data recorded by:

  • One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS). For more information, see Viewing session details for data recorded by SPS in the Administration Guide.

  • One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Passwords (SPP). For more information, see Viewing session details for data recorded by SPP in the Administration Guide.

Frequent Item Set (FIS) flow view visuals

Frequent Item Set (FIS) flow view visuals are also available on the Analytics tab. The FIS flow view is similar to the flow view analytics overview, except that the FIS flow view only displays data narrowed down to a single user's previous sessions in the analysis period (which is the previous 90 days by default). For more information, see Visualizing Frequent Item Sets on the FIS flow view.

Session tags

Session tags allow you to get basic information about the session and its contents at a glance.

Scripted session tag: One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) currently supports the scripted session tag. SPS uses One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Analytics to detect if sessions are generated using human interaction or automation. If sessions are generated using automation, SPS displays the scripted tag in the search interface as shown below:

  • Scripted sessions are shown on the main search screen.

    Figure 291: Scripted sessions — cards view

  • Scripted sessions are shown on the Overview tab.

    Figure 292: Scripted sessions — Overview tab

Viewing session details for data recorded by SPS

From the Search interface, you can view session details for data recorded by SPS. To view session details for data recorded by One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Passwords (SPP), see Viewing session details for data recorded by SPP.

The icon in the Search interface indicates that data was recorded by SPS. To search only for data recorded by SPS, enter origin:("RECORDING") in the Search query field.

To view session details, click the button in the last column of the relevant session.

Figure 293: Sessions — Accessing session details

Figure 294: SPS session details

The session details window provides details about the sessions on tabs.

Overview tab

The Overview tab is divided into the following main areas:

  • The Events area displays session events in chronological order.

    View the date and time of the event, the event type and event details. To filter events, use the Timeline tab.

  • The Score area shows the risk score that the Analytics Module assigned to the session. Ranges from 0 to 100, 100 is the highest risk score.

  • The Quick look area contains user information, for example:

    • Gateway and server username.

    • Start and end time of the session.

    The gateway username corresponds to the Username field of the connection metadata database. Note the following:

    • If the user performed inband gateway authentication in the connection, the field contains the username from the gateway authentication (gateway username).

    • Otherwise, the field contains the username used on the remote server.

  • The Interesting events area displays events selected as interesting, for example, a list of commands and window titles from the session that could be interesting from security point of view.

    The list of interesting events is currently hard-coded and cannot be modified. For terminal sessions, it includes commands such as:

    • chmod

    • ssh

    • shutdown

    • sudo

    • su

    • mount

    • adduser

    • addgroup

      For graphical sessions, it contains window titles such as:

    • Management Console

    • Control Panel

    • Server Manager

    • PowerShell

    • Security Settings

    • Windows Security Center

  • The Network area displays session information, for example:

    • Verdict

    • Protocol

    • Connection policy

    • Client and server address

Details tab

In addition to the Quick look, Interesting events, and Network screen areas, the Details tab also provides monitoring information, audit trail downloads information, and channels information.

If there is a gateway authentication or authorization failure due to an AA plugin, the reason of the failure is displayed in the Deny reason field.

Timeline tab

On the Timeline of the Search interface, for data recorded by SPS, you can do the following:

  • View session events and alerts.

  • Search in the contents of the audit trail.

  • Watch the video of an audit trail from a selected event.

The Timeline tab replaces the now deprecated Events, Alerts, and Contents tabs.

Figure 295: Timeline tab

Events:

  • Session events in chronological order.

    You can narrow the event list by entering the event name in the Search in session field.

  • Date and time of the event.

  • Event type (command, screen content, and window title).

  • Event details.

  • Screenshots.

Alerts:

  • Content policy alerts triggered in the session, in chronological order.

    You can narrow the alert list by entering the alert name in the Search in session field.

  • Date and time of the alert.

  • Alert details.

  • Screenshots.

Contents:

You can search in the contents of the audit trail using plain-text search. Searching using complex keyphrases is not supported from the Timeline tab.

Screenshots:

If screenshots are available for the session, you can click each event or alert to view the corresponding screenshot.

Screenshots are not available for:

  • Ongoing sessions.

  • Unindexed sessions.

  • Trails of HTTP sessions.

  • Encrypted trails (without the necessary certificate).

    If screenshots are encrypted, you have to upload the necessary encryption key to your keystore. For more information, see Viewing encrypted screenshots.

Analytics tab

If you use the One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Analytics, you can view detailed analyses provided by the configured algorithms. For more information, see Analyzing data using One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Analytics.

Managing active sessions

For information on how to follow and terminate active sessions, see section Following active sessions.

Viewing session details for data recorded by SPP

From the Search interface, you can view session details for data recorded by SPP. To view session details for data recorded by SPS, see Viewing session details for data recorded by SPS.

If you have linked your SPS to your SPP deployment, the icon in the Search interface indicates that data was recorded by SPP.

To search only for data recorded by SPP, enter origin:("VAULT") in the Search query field.

To view session details, click the button in the last column of the relevant session.

Figure 296: Sessions — Accessing session details

Figure 297: SPP session details

You can display the session details in a timeline. To access the color legend for the timeline, click (Timeline Color Legend). Hovering your mouse over an event shows the position of that event in the timeline sidebar. It also shows the event as active.

Visualizing Frequent Item Sets on the FIS flow view

This section provides an overview of the Frequent Item Sets (FIS) flow view feature on the Search interface. It describes the underlying component (that is, the FIS algorithm), the elements of the FIS flow view visual, and possible scenarios (depending on your session details and pattern option choice).

From One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) version 6.2., a visual overview of Frequent Item Set (FIS) analysis is available on the Sessions interface. The FIS flow view is essentially similar to the flow view analytics overview, except that the FIS flow view only displays data narrowed down to a single user's previous sessions in the analysis period (which is the previous 90 days by default).

The component behind the analysis is the FIS algorithm, which examines multiple attributes of sessions and attempts to find values that frequently appear together, forming a set. Using this information, the algorithm can discover patterns in user behavior.

NOTE: For the FIS algorithm to be able to score a user's sessions, the user needs at least 1 FIS baseline built. Algorithm baselines (including the FIS baselines) are built automatically every day (usually during hours with less heavy traffic).

Elements of the FIS flow view

To access the FIS flow view feature, click on of the session of your choice in Sessions > Sessions list, then click Analytics.

Figure 298: Sessions — The FIS flow view on the Analytics tab

Figure 299: Sessions — The FIS flow view (close-up)

The layout of the FIS flow view is similar to the attributes-grouped flow view, with the sessions forming a flow line (from here on referred to as a Connection). The relevant examined attributes (including the attribute nodes) are visible on the left hand side, while the irrelevant attributes (including the attribute nodes) are on the right hand side of the flow line visual.

The continuous line, with circles representing attribute nodes (that can be gray ( ) or contain the or the mark), displays the current session. Each attribute node represents that particular attribute's value in the current session. The FIS algorithm attempts to match these attribute values to the patterns in the user's baseline.

The different attribute node markings stand for:

: session data for this attribute is irrelevant for pattern match comparison (or session data is part of the Default option)

: session data for this attribute is a match for the selected pattern

: session data for this attribute is not a match for the selected pattern

Attributes

Similarly to the flow view, session data in the FIS flow view is grouped according to attributes (such as Protocol, Client name, Server hostname, Server port, and so on) that come from session data. The two attributes in the FIS flow view that do not come from session data as-is, but are further grouped instead:

  • Bucketed starting hour: the most frequently used session starting hours grouped into intervals of 3 hours each

  • Bucketed duration: the most frequently occurring session duration values, grouped into intervals of various length

NOTE: As a rule, the relevant attributes and attribute nodes (marked with or ) are located on the left hand side of the flow line visual, while the irrelevant attribute nodes (marked with ) are located on the right hand side of the flow line visual. The number of relevant attributes for the pattern match comparison, as well as the attribute groups' (and, as a result, the attribute nodes') relative position and relative order (going from left to right) changes from pattern to pattern on the flow line visual.

The FIS score gauge

The FIS score gauge (located in the upper right corner of the FIS flow view visual) indicates the FIS score of the selected session.

Figure 300: Sessions — The FIS score gauge

The FIS score is assigned to the session after the FIS algorithm analyzes it in comparison with the latest available baseline. If the session has a high amount of matches to the user's baseline, the FIS score's value will be low (indicating normal user behavior).

NOTE: The closer the FIS score gets to 100, the more it indicates unusual user behavior. For more information about normal and unusual user behavior, see Analyzing data using One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Analytics, Viewing session details, and the View session analytics step in Analyzing data using One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Analytics.

The value of the FIS score (also visible on the Sessions > Sessions list, as well as in the aggregated score summary, usually above the FIS flow line visual) is one of the several components of the session's aggregated score.

Figure 301: Sessions — The FIS score visible on Sessions > Sessions list

For more information about analytics algorithms and scores, see this section.

Pattern selection drop-down list

The pattern selection drop-down list (by default set to the Default option) offers the available patterns that the FIS algorithm generates after baseline analysis.

Figure 302: Sessions — The pattern selection drop-down list (set to the Default option)

Figure 303: Sessions — The pattern selection drop-down list (further options)

Depending on which available pattern option you select, the visual will display one of these cases:

  • The Default option

    The Default option is the set of values that the FIS algorithm takes as a reference point. If you select the Default option, the flow line visual displays the user's previous sessions in the observed analysis period, with no patterns selected yet. The flow line visual below (set to the Default option) displays all possible attributes, marked with in all attributes.

    Figure 304: Sessions — FIS flow view - the Default option (no patterns displayed yet)

  • Pattern with a 100% match to this user's sessions during the observed analysis period

    The example below displays a pattern that appears in 100% of the user's previous sessions during the analysis period. As mentioned before, the relevant attribute nodes (marked with the or the sign, depending on whether that attribute value matches or does not match the Default option in that particular session) are arranged on the left-hand side, while the irrelevant ones (marked with ) are arranged on the right-hand side of the flow line visual. There are 3 attribute matches (namely, Protocol, Recording Connection policy, and Server port) to this particular pattern in this particular session.

    Figure 305: Sessions — FIS flow view - a pattern with a 100% match

  • Pattern with a high match percentage to this user's sessions during the observed analysis period

    The example below displays a pattern that appears in 92% of the user's previous sessions during the observed analysis period. Similarly to the previous example, the relevant attribute nodes are arranged on the left-hand side, while the irrelevant ones are arranged on the right-hand side of the flow line visual. This example contains different relevant attribute nodes than the previous example, with 4 attribute matches to this particular pattern in this particular session.

    Figure 306: Sessions — FIS flow view - a pattern with a high match percentage

  • Pattern with a low match percentage to this user's sessions during the observed analysis period

    The example below displays a pattern with a low match percentage, appearing in only 12% of this user's previous sessions during the observed analysis period. There are 3 attribute nodes that match ( marked with ) and 3 attribute nodes that do not match ( marked with ) this particular pattern in this particular session.

    Figure 307: Sessions — FIS flow view - a pattern with a low match percentage

With the baseline generated every day on average (usually during hours with less heavy traffic), the baseline itself is continuously changing. As a result, the available patterns are also continuously changing over time.

Pattern match percentage

The pattern match percentage is a percentage value displayed under the pattern selection drop-down list, next to the pattern name (for example, Pattern 0 | Pattern 1, and so on).

 

Figure 308: Sessions — FIS flow view - the pattern match percentage

The percentage value always matches the value displayed next to the Pattern options (other than the Default option) in the drop-down list. The percentage indicates to what percent the selected pattern matches this user's sessions during the observed analysis period. Patterns that appear in less than 10% of this user's sessions during the observed analysis period are not displayed in the drop-down list as Pattern options (but may appear in the overall sum of Total count data, as mentioned in Displaying further details of individual Connection segments.

Displaying further details of individual Connection segments

Hovering on an individual Connection segment of the visual displays the exact number of occurrences of that particular attribute value during the observed analysis period. When the Connection splits to several branches (for example, in the example below, the Connection splits into separate branches according to Bucketed starting hour), hovering over the branched Connection segment of your choice will display that particular attribute's further details (namely, the attribute data (for example, IP addresses), and the Total count).

NOTE: The Total count values include session data originating from patterns that appear in less than 10% of the user's sessions during the observed analysis period.

Figure 309: Search — Hovering on particular Connection segments to display further details

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