Unable to connect to an existing Managed Domain or add a new Managed Domain with the error: Directory object not found. (4339001)

A Managed Domain in Active Roles is failing to load with the following error:

Building domain information failed for the domain ''CN=domain.local,CN=Managed Domains,CN=Server Configuration,CN=Configuration''. Directory object not found.

The Active Directory PowerShell cmdlet Get-ADDomainController also fails for the same domain with the same error:

Directory object not found.

For more information, please see this Microsoft resource.

To resolve this issue, please contact Microsoft for assistance.