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Identity Manager 9.2 - Administration Guide for the SAP R/3 Compliance Add-on

SAP functions and identity audit Setting up a synchronization project for synchronizing SAP authorization objects Setting up SAP functions Compliance rules for SAP functions Mitigating controls for SAP functions Configuration parameters for SAP functions Default project template for the SAP R/3 Compliance Add-on Module Referenced SAP R/3 tables and BAPI calls

Using variables

You can set fixed values for function elements in authorization definitions. Otherwise, you can implement variables to use a function definition for different function instances. For this, the following is valid:

  • Variable name

    • Begins with a letter
    • Only contains letters, numbers, and underscore
    • Is enclosed in $ signs

    Example: $Var_01$

    NOTE: Variable names cannot begin with system variable names.

  • Value

     

    Syntax (example)

    SAP authorization is tested for

    Input value examples

    *

    Any value

    Can only be used as a single value. An upper scope limit cannot be specified.

    ab or 1234

    Any string (from)

    Exact given value

    abc

    [*]

    The value *

    *

    String[*] (abc[*])

    Values that contain exactly this string and *.

    from*

    String* (abc[*])

    Values beginning with the given string and ending with any string

    Can only be used as a single value. An upper scope limit cannot be specified.

    abcd or ab*

    OR (01,02,78)

    One of the values contained in the list

    ORing cannot be used for the upper scope limit.

    Can only be used as a single value. An upper scope limit cannot be specified.

    01 or 02 or 78

    AND (01+02+78)

    All the values contained in the list

    ANDing cannot be used for the upper scope limit.

    Can only be used as a single value. An upper scope limit cannot be specified.

    01 and 02 and 78

    [*],[,],[+]
    (FM[+]7)

    Values that contain special characters

    FM+7

You can also use system variables as well as self-defined variables in the authorization definition. System variables have the following syntax: ${character}+ (example: $AUFART).

Variables must be uniquely identifiable by the authorization check. Therefore, names of self-defined variables may not match system variables or begin with system variable name.

Related topics

Checking authorization objects for completeness

One Identity Manager uses this task to test whether all authorization objects that belong to an SAP application occur in the authorization definition.

To test an authorization definition for completeness

  1. In the Manager, select the Identity Audit > SAP functions > Function definition working copies category.

  2. Select the function definition in the result list.

  3. Select the Authorization Editor task.

  4. Select the Check authorization objects for completeness task.

    Missing authorization objects are displayed in a separate window.

  5. Enable the Add option on the authorization object you want to add to the authorization definition.

  6. When all missing authorization objects are edited, click OK.

    The authorization objects can now be edited in the authorizations editor.

Related topics

Enabling working copies

SAP authorizations are only checked on the basis of active SAP functions. When you enable the working copy, the changes are transferred to the function definition. An active function definition is added to a new working copy.

To transfer changes from a working copy to a function definition

  1. In the Manager, select the Identity Audit > SAP functions > Function definition working copies category.

  2. Select the function definition in the result list.

  3. Select the Enable working copy task.

  4. Confirm the security prompt with OK.

Related topics

Finding invalid authorizations

SAP authorizations are verified on the basis of the SAP applications permitted for an SAP user account and the associated authorization objects. To determine whether potentially dangerous authorizations are assigned within the company, define SAP functions that group together the SAP applications and authorization objects to be checked. One Identity Manager compares all authorization objects assigned to single profiles with the authorization definition in the SAP function. This way, it determines all SAP roles and profiles that have exactly these authorization objects assigned via the sum of their single profiles.

The TargetSystem | SAPR3 | SAPRights | TestWithoutTCD configuration parameter is evaluated by authorization checks. The configuration parameter specifies whether SAP application are ignored and only authorization objects taken into account during the authorization check.

The TestWithoutTCD configuration parameter is not set (default)

The following rules apply to the authorization check:

An SAP role or SAP profile matches an SAP function when

  1. It has at least one of the SAP applications defined in the SAP function.

  2. It has all the authorization objects of this SAP application that are defined in the SAP function.

  3. It has all the different function elements of an authorization object that are defined in the SAP function.

  4. At least one or all of the values of one and the same function element defined in the SAP function are available.

An SAP role matches an SAP function if an SAP profile of this SAP role matches the SAP function.

An SAP profile matches an SAP function if it contains at least one of the SAP applications defined in the SAP function. The SAP profile must have all this SAP application's authorization objects to do this. If a function element with different values is defined for an authorization object, the SAP profile matches the SAP function if it has at least one of these values.

The TestWithoutTCD configuration parameter is set

SAP applications are not taken into account during the authorization check. The following rules apply to the authorization check:

An SAP role or SAP profile matches an SAP function when

  1. It has all the authorization objects of all SAP applications defined in the SAP function,

    except for the authorization objects needed to identify the SAP applications.

  2. It has all the different function elements of an authorization object that are defined in the SAP function.

  3. At least one or all of the values of one and the same function element defined in the SAP function are available.

Only the authorization objects and their values are of interest for the authorization check. It is irrelevant to which SAP applications these authorization objects belong. That means the authorization objects that are only used to identify the applications are ignored. The following authorization objects and function elements are therefore disregarded:

  • External service: S_Service with SRV_NAME

  • TADIR object: S_START with AUTHOBJNAM, AUTHOBJTYP, and AUTHPGMID

  • RFC function module: S_RFC with RFC_NAME

  • Transaction: S_TCODE with TCD

Examples of authorization checking

An SAP function is defined with the following SAP applications, authorization objects, and function elements.

Figure 3: Authorization definition with transactions

If the configuration parameter is not set, all SAP roles and SAP profiles with the authorizations found by the SAP function shown are listed here:

SAP application SE16 with:
Authorization object S_TCODE with
Function element ACTVT
AND
Function element TCD with the value SE16

AND

Authorization object P_TCODE with
Function element TCD with exactly the value *

OR

SAP application SU01 with:
Authorization object S_TCODE with
Function element ACTVT
AND
Function element TCD with at least the value SU01

AND

Authorization object S_USER_GRP with
Function element ACTVT with at least the values 01 AND 02 AND 03
AND
Function element CLASS with at least the value SUPER AND AK_GR

If the configuration parameter is set, all SAP roles and SAP profiles with the authorizations found by the SAP function are listed here:

Authorization object P_TCODE with
Function element TCD with exactly the value *

AND

Authorization object S_USER_GRP with
Function element ACTVT with at least the values 01 AND 02 AND 03
AND
Function element CLASS with at least the value SUPER AND AK_GR

The following function definition contains various SAP applications with different application types.

Figure 4: Authorization definition with different application types

If the configuration parameter is set and without taking the SAP applications into account, the SAP function shown will determine all SAP roles and SAP profiles that have the following authorizations:

Authorization object S_PB_CHIP with
Function element ACTVT with at least one of the values 01 OR 02 OR 03
AND
Function element CHIP_NAME with an value that starts with ID

AND

Authorization object S_PB_PAGE with
Function element ACTVT with at least one of the values 01 OR 02 OR 03
AND
Function element CONFIG_ID with the instance that is specified as a value in the $VariableName$ variable

AND

Authorization object S_CTS_ADMI with
Function element CTS_ADMFCT with any value

AND

Authorization object S_CTS_SADM with
Function element DESTSYS with at least the value of exactly SYS*
AND
Function element DOMAIN with at least one value in a range from D01 to D30

AND

Authorization object P_TCODE with
Function element TCD with exactly the value *

AND

Authorization object S_USER_GRP with
Function element ACTVT with at least the values 01 AND 02 AND 03
AND
Function element CLASS with at least the value SUPER AND AK_GR

If the configuration parameter is not set, the SAP function shown will determine all SAP roles and SAP profiles with the authorizations. The evaluation at the level of the function elements is identical to the evaluation when the configuration parameter is set and is therefore not shown again.

SAP application FPM_TEST_CHIP_PAGE_GAF with:
Authorization object S_START
AND
Authorization object S_PB_CHIP
AND
Authorization object S_PB_PAGE

OR

SAP application CHIP_CATALOG_GET_LIST with:
Authorization object S_RFC
AND
Authorization object S_CTS_ADMI
AND
Authorization object S_CTS_SADM

OR

SAP application SE16 with:
Authorization object S_TCODE
AND
Authorization object P_TCODE

OR

SAP application SU01 with:
Authorization object S_TCODE
AND
Authorization object S_USER_GRP
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