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One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions 7.0.3.1 LTS - Administration Guide

Preface Introduction The concepts of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
The philosophy of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Policies Credential Stores Plugin framework Indexing Supported protocols and client applications Modes of operation Connecting to a server through One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Archive and backup concepts Maximizing the scope of auditing IPv6 in One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) SSH host keys Authenticating clients using public-key authentication in SSH The gateway authentication process Four-eyes authorization Network interfaces High Availability support in One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Versions and releases of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Accessing and configuring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Cloud deployment considerations The Welcome Wizard and the first login Basic settings
Supported web browsers and operating systems The structure of the web interface Network settings Configuring date and time System logging, SNMP and e-mail alerts Configuring system monitoring on SPS Data and configuration backups Archiving Using plugins Forwarding data to third-party systems Starling integration
User management and access control Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Controlling One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS): reboot, shutdown Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) clusters Managing a High Availability One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) cluster Upgrading One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Managing the One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) license Accessing the One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) console Sealed mode Out-of-band management of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Managing the certificates used on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
General connection settings HTTP-specific settings ICA-specific settings MSSQL-specific settings RDP-specific settings SSH-specific settings Using Sudo with SPS Telnet-specific settings VMware Horizon View connections VNC-specific settings Indexing audit trails Using the Search interface Advanced authentication and authorization techniques Reports The One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) REST API One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) scenarios Troubleshooting One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Network troubleshooting Gathering data about system problems Viewing logs on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Changing log verbosity level of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Collecting logs and system information for error reporting Collecting logs and system information of the boot process for error reporting Support hotfixes Status history and statistics Troubleshooting a One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) cluster Understanding One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) RAID status Restoring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) configuration and data VNC is not working with TLS Configuring the IPMI from the BIOS after losing IPMI password Incomplete TSA response received Using UPN usernames in audited SSH connections
Using SPS with SPP Configuring external devices Using SCP with agent-forwarding Security checklist for configuring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Jumplists for in-product help Configuring SPS to use an LDAP backend Glossary

Adjusting the synchronization speed

One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) synchronizes the content of the hard disk of the primary node (previously also referred to as master node) and the secondary node (previously also referred to as slave node) in the following cases.

  • When you configure two SPS units to operate in High Availability mode (converting a single node to a High Availability cluster),

  • when you replace a node from a cluster, or

  • when recovering from a split-brain situation.

  • Normal data replication (copying incoming data, for example, audit trails from the primary node to the secondary node is not synchronization.

Since this synchronization can take up significant system-resources, the maximal speed of the synchronization is limited, by default, to 10 Mbps. However, this means that synchronizing large amount of data can take very long time, so it is useful to increase the synchronization speed in certain situations —.

To change the limit of the DRBD synchronization rate, navigate to Basic Settings > High Availability > DRBD sync rate limit, and select the desired value. Note the following points before changing the DRBD sync rate limit option.

  • The Basic Settings > High Availability > DRBD sync rate limit option is visible only when synchronization is in progress, or when you have clicked Convert to Cluster but have not rebooted the cluster yet.

  • Changing this option does not change the limit of the data replication speed.

  • Set the sync rate carefully. A high value is not recommended if the load of SPS is very high, as increasing the resources used by the synchronization process may degrade the general performance of SPS. On the other hand, the HA link's speed must exceed the speed of the incoming data, else the web UI might become unresponsive and data loss can occur.

The Basic Settings > High Availability > DRBD status field indicates whether the latest data (including SPS configuration, audit trails, log files, and so on) is available on both SPS nodes. For a description of each possible status, see Understanding One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) cluster statuses.

Redundant heartbeat interfaces

To avoid unnecessary takeovers and to minimize the chance of split-brain situations, you can configure additional heartbeat interfaces in One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS). These interfaces are used only to detect that the other node is still available, they are not used to synchronize data between the nodes (only heartbeat messages are transferred). For example, if the main HA interface breaks down, or is accidentally unplugged and the nodes can still access each other on the redundant HA interface, no takeover occurs, but no data is synchronized to the secondary node until the main HA link is restored. Similarly, if connection on the redundant heartbeat interface is lost, but the main HA connection is available, no takeover occurs.

If a redundant heartbeat interface is configured, its status is displayed in the Basic Settings > High Availability > Redundant Heartbeat status field, and also in the HA > Redundant field of the System monitor. For a description of each possible status, see Understanding One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) cluster statuses.

The redundant heartbeat interface is a virtual interface with a virtual MAC address that uses an existing interface of SPS. The MAC address of the virtual redundant heartbeat interface is displayed as HA MAC. The MAC address of the redundant heartbeat interface is generated in a way that it cannot interfere with the MAC addresses of physical interfaces. Similarly, the HA traffic on the redundant heartbeat interface cannot interfere with any other traffic on the interface used.

If the nodes lose connection on the main HA interface, and after a time the connection is lost on the redundant heartbeat interfaces as well, the secondary node becomes active. However, as the primary node was active for a time when no data synchronization was possible between the nodes, this results in a split-brain situation, which must be resolved before the HA functionality can be restored. For details, see Recovering from a split brain situation.

NOTE: Even if redundant HA links are configured, if the dedicated HA link fails, the secondary node will not be visible on the High Availability page anymore.

SPS nodes use UDP port 694 to send each other heartbeat signals.

To configure a redundant heartbeat interface

  1. Navigate to Basic Settings > High Availability > Interfaces for Heartbeat.

  2. Select the interface you want to use as redundant heartbeat interface (for example Physical interface 1). Using an interface as a redundant heartbeat interface does not affect the original traffic of the interface.

    Figure 130: Basic Settings > High Availability — Configuring redundant heartbeat interfaces

  3. Enter an IP address into the This node > Interface IP field of the selected interface. Note the following:

    • The two nodes must have different Interface IP.

    • If you do not use next hop monitoring on the redundant interface, you can use any Interface IP (even if otherwise it does not exist on that network).

    • If you use next hop monitoring on the redundant interface, the Interface IP address must be a real IP address that is visible from the other node.

    • If you use next hop monitoring on the redundant interface, the Interface IP must be accessible from the next-hop address, and vice-versa. For details on next hop monitoring, see Next-hop router monitoring.

    Use an IPv4 address.

  4. If the two nodes are in a different subnetwork, enter the IP address of the local gateway into the This node > Gateway IP field. The Interface IP address of the node must be accessible from the Gateway IP address.

    Use an IPv4 address.

  5. Enter an IP address into the Other node > Interface IP field of the selected interface. Note the following:

    • The two nodes must have different Interface IP.

    • If you do not use next hop monitoring on the redundant interface, you can use any Interface IP (even if otherwise it does not exist on that network).

    • If you use next hop monitoring on the redundant interface, the Interface IP address must be a real IP address that is visible from the other node.

    • If you use next hop monitoring on the redundant interface, the Interface IP must be accessible from the next-hop address, and vice-versa. For details on next hop monitoring, see Next-hop router monitoring.

    Use an IPv4 address.

  6. If the two nodes are in a different subnetwork, enter the IP address of the local gateway into the Other node > Gateway IP field. The Interface IP address of the node must be accessible from the Gateway IP address.

    Use an IPv4 address.

  7. Repeat the previous steps to add additional redundant heartbeat interfaces if needed.

  8. Click .

  9. Restart the nodes for the changes to take effect: click Reboot Cluster.

Next-hop router monitoring

By default, HA takeover occurs only if the primary node stops working or becomes unreachable from the secondary node. However, this does not cover the scenario when the primary node becomes unaccessible to the outside world while the secondary node would be still accessible (for example because it is connected to a different router).

To address such situations, you can specify IP addresses (usually next hop routers) to continuously monitor both the primary node and the secondary node by using ICMP echo (ping) messages. One such address can be set up for every interface.

When setting up next hop monitoring, you have to make sure that the primary and secondary nodes can ping the specified address directly. You can either:

  • Choose the addresses of the redundant-HA One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) interfaces so that they are on the same subnet as the next-hop address

  • Configure the next-hop device with an additional IP-address that is on the same subnet as the redundant-HA SPS interfaces facing it

If any of the monitored addresses becomes unreachable from the primary node while being reachable from the secondary node (in other words, more monitored addresses are accessible from the secondary node) then it is assumed that the primary node is unreachable and a forced takeover occurs — even if the primary node is otherwise functional.

Naturally, if the secondary node is not capable of taking over the primary node (for example, because there is data not yet synchronized from the current primary node), no takeover is performed.

To configure next hop monitoring

  1. Navigate to Basic Settings > High Availability > Next hop monitoring.

  2. Select the interface to use for monitoring its next-hop router.

    Figure 131: Basic Settings > High Availability — Configuring next hop monitoring

  3. Enter the IP address to monitor from the current primary node (for example, the IP address of the router or the switch connected to the interface) into the This node > Next hop IP field of the selected interface. This IP address must be a real IP address that is visible from the interface, and must be on the same local network segment.

    Use an IPv4 address.

  4. Enter the IP address to monitor from the current secondary node (for example the IP address of the router or the switch connected to the interface) into the Other node > Next hop IP field of the selected interface. This IP address must be a real IP address that is visible from the interface, and must be on the same local network segment.

    Use an IPv4 address.

  5. Repeat the previous steps to add IP addresses to be monitored from the other interfaces if needed.

  6. Click .

    		 Caution:

    For the changes to take effect, you have to restart both nodes. To restart both nodes, click Reboot Cluster.

Upgrading One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)

One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) appliances are preinstalled with a Long Term Support (LTS) release. One Identity recommends that you upgrade to the latest LTS maintenance release as soon as possible. Each LTS release is supported for 3 years after original publication date, and for 1 year after the succeeding LTS release is published (whichever date is later). You are encouraged to upgrade to succeeding LTS releases.

Feature Releases provide additional features which are not yet consolidated to an LTS release. To gain access to these features, you may install a supported Feature Release on the appliance, with the following conditions:

  • You cannot roll back to an LTS release from a Feature Release.

  • Feature Releases are released and supported in a timeline of 6 months. You have to keep upgrading SPS to the latest Feature Release to ensure that your appliance is supported.

For both LTS and Feature Releases, One Identity regularly incorporates security patches and bugfixes, and issues updated Revisions of the released product. One Identity strongly recommends always installing the latest Revision of the used software Release.

 Caution:

Downgrading from the latest Feature Release, even to an LTS release, voids support for SPS.

The following sections describe how to keep SPS up to date, and how to install a new license:

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