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One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions 7.0.3.1 LTS - Administration Guide

Preface Introduction The concepts of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
The philosophy of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Policies Credential Stores Plugin framework Indexing Supported protocols and client applications Modes of operation Connecting to a server through One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Archive and backup concepts Maximizing the scope of auditing IPv6 in One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) SSH host keys Authenticating clients using public-key authentication in SSH The gateway authentication process Four-eyes authorization Network interfaces High Availability support in One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Versions and releases of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Accessing and configuring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Cloud deployment considerations The Welcome Wizard and the first login Basic settings
Supported web browsers and operating systems The structure of the web interface Network settings Configuring date and time System logging, SNMP and e-mail alerts Configuring system monitoring on SPS Data and configuration backups Archiving Using plugins Forwarding data to third-party systems Starling integration
User management and access control Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Controlling One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS): reboot, shutdown Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) clusters Managing a High Availability One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) cluster Upgrading One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Managing the One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) license Accessing the One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) console Sealed mode Out-of-band management of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Managing the certificates used on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
General connection settings HTTP-specific settings ICA-specific settings MSSQL-specific settings RDP-specific settings SSH-specific settings Using Sudo with SPS Telnet-specific settings VMware Horizon View connections VNC-specific settings Indexing audit trails Using the Search interface Advanced authentication and authorization techniques Reports The One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) REST API One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) scenarios Troubleshooting One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS)
Network troubleshooting Gathering data about system problems Viewing logs on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Changing log verbosity level of One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Collecting logs and system information for error reporting Collecting logs and system information of the boot process for error reporting Support hotfixes Status history and statistics Troubleshooting a One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) cluster Understanding One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) RAID status Restoring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) configuration and data VNC is not working with TLS Configuring the IPMI from the BIOS after losing IPMI password Incomplete TSA response received Using UPN usernames in audited SSH connections
Using SPS with SPP Configuring external devices Using SCP with agent-forwarding Security checklist for configuring One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) Jumplists for in-product help Configuring SPS to use an LDAP backend Glossary

SSH host keys

SSH communication authenticates the remote SSH server using public-key cryptography, using plain host keys.

The identity of the remote server can be verified by inspecting its host key. When trying to connect to a server through One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS), the client sees a host key shown by SPS. This key is either the host key of SPS, or the original host key of the server, provided that the private key of the server has been uploaded to SPS. In the latter case, the client will not notice any difference and have no knowledge that it is not communicating directly with the server, but with SPS.

Supported SSH host keys

SPS allows you to use the following SSH host keys:

  • RSA (ssh-rsa), which is the most widely used public-key algorithm for the SSH key. In SPS, uploading RSA SSH host keys are supported in PKCS #1 PEM, PKCS #8 PEM, OpenSSH (openssh-key-v1), and PuTTY private key formats.

    NOTE:

    TIP: One Identity recommends using 2048-bit RSA keys (or stronger).

  • Ed25519 (ssh-ed25519), which offers a better security and faster performance compared to RSA.

    In SPS, uploading Ed25519 SSH host keys are supported in PKCS #8 PEM, OpenSSH (openssh-key-v1), and PuTTY private key formats.

  • ECDSA NIST P-256 (ecdsa-sha2-nistp256), which is a variant of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA). In SPS, uploading ECDSA SSH host keys are supported in SEC1 PEM, PKCS #8 PEM, OpenSSH (openssh-key-v1), and PuTTY private key formats.

You can have multiple SSH server host keys on SPS for the same server, however, you cannot set more than one key for each type. For example, you can keep your old RSA SSH key and generate a new Ed25519 key but you cannot set two RSA keys.

Authenticating clients using public-key authentication in SSH

Public-key authentication requires a private and a public key (or an X.509 certificate) to be available on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS). First, the public key of the user is needed to verify the user's identity in the client-side SSH connection: the key presented by the client is compared to the one stored on SPS. SPS uses a private key to authenticate itself to the sever in the server-side connection. SPS can use the private key of the user if it is uploaded to SPS. Alternatively, SPS can generate a new keypair, and use its private key for the server-side authentication, or use agent-forwarding, and authenticate the client with its own key.

 Caution:

If SPS generates the private key for the server-side authentication, then the public part of the keypair must be imported to the server, otherwise the authentication will fail. Alternatively, SPS can upload the public key (or a generated X.509 certificate) into an LDAP database.

The gateway authentication process

When gateway authentication is required for a connection, the user must authenticate on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) as well.

This additional authentication can be performed:

  • Out-of-band: in a protocol-independent way, on the web interface of SPS.

    That way the connections can be authenticated to the central authentication database (for example, LDAP or RADIUS), even if the protocol itself does not support authentication databases. Also, connections using general usernames (for example, root, Administrator, and so on) can be connected to real user accounts.

  • Inband: when the protocol allows it, using the incoming connection itself for communication with the authentication database.

    It is the SSH, RDP, and Telnet protocols that allow gateway authentication to be performed also inband, without having to access the SPS web interface.

    For SSH and Telnet connections, inband gateway authentication must be performed when client-side authentication is configured. For details on configuring client-side authentication, see Client-side authentication settings.

    For RDP connections, inband gateway authentication must be performed when SPS is acting as a Remote Desktop Gateway (or RD Gateway). In this case, the client authenticates to the Domain Controller or a local user database. For details, see Using One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) as a Remote Desktop Gateway.

    In the case of RDP connections, inband gateway authentication can also be performed if an AA plugin is configured.

Figure 15: Gateway authentication

Technically, the process of gateway authentication is the following:

  1. The user initiates a connection from a client.

  2. If gateway authentication is required for the connection, SPS pauses the connection.

  3. Out-of-band authentication:

    The user logs in to the SPS web interface, selects the connection from the list of paused connections, and enables it. It is possible to require that the authenticated session and the web session originate from the same client IP address.

    Inband authentication:

    SPS requests the username and optionally the credentials for gateway authentication. The user logs in to the SPS gateway.

  4. The user performs the authentication on the server.

    NOTE: Gateway authentication can be used together with other advanced authentication and authorization techniques like four-eyes authorization, client- and server-side authentication, and so on.

Four-eyes authorization

When four-eyes authorization is required for a connection, a user (called authorizer) must authorize the connection on One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) as well. This authorization is in addition to any authentication or group membership requirements needed for the user to access the remote server. Any connection can use four-eyes authorization, so it provides a protocol-independent, out-of-band authorization and monitoring method.

The authorizer has the possibility to terminate the connection any time, and also to monitor real-time the events of the authorized connections: SPS can stream the traffic to the Safeguard Desktop Player application, where the authorizer (or a separate auditor) can watch exactly what the user does on the server, just like watching a movie.

NOTE: The auditor can only see the events if the required decryption keys are available on the host running the Safeguard Desktop Player application.

Figure 16: Four-eyes authorization

Technically, the process of four-eyes authorization is the following:

NOTE: Four-eyes authorization can be used together with other advanced authentication and authorization techniques like gateway authentication , client- and server-side authentication, and so on.

  1. The user initiates a connection from a client.

  2. If four-eyes authorization is required for the connection, SPS pauses the connection.

  3. The authorizer logs in to the SPS web interface, selects the connection from the list of paused connections, and enables it.

  4. The user performs the authentication on the server.

  5. The auditor (who can be the authorizer, but it is possible to separate the roles) watches the actions of the user real-time.

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