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syslog-ng Open Source Edition 3.36 - Administration Guide

Preface Introduction to syslog-ng The concepts of syslog-ng Installing syslog-ng The syslog-ng OSE quick-start guide The syslog-ng OSE configuration file source: Read, receive, and collect log messages
How sources work default-network-drivers: Receive and parse common syslog messages internal: Collecting internal messages file: Collecting messages from text files wildcard-file: Collecting messages from multiple text files linux-audit: Collecting messages from Linux audit logs mqtt: receiving messages from an MQTT broker network: Collecting messages using the RFC3164 protocol (network() driver) nodejs: Receiving JSON messages from nodejs applications mbox: Converting local email messages to log messages osquery: Collect and parse osquery result logs pipe: Collecting messages from named pipes pacct: Collecting process accounting logs on Linux program: Receiving messages from external applications python: writing server-style Python sources python-fetcher: writing fetcher-style Python sources snmptrap: Read Net-SNMP traps sun-streams: Collecting messages on Sun Solaris syslog: Collecting messages using the IETF syslog protocol (syslog() driver) system: Collecting the system-specific log messages of a platform systemd-journal: Collecting messages from the systemd-journal system log storage systemd-syslog: Collecting systemd messages using a socket tcp, tcp6, udp, udp6: Collecting messages from remote hosts using the BSD syslog protocol— OBSOLETE unix-stream, unix-dgram: Collecting messages from UNIX domain sockets stdin: Collecting messages from the standard input stream
destination: Forward, send, and store log messages
amqp: Publishing messages using AMQP collectd: sending metrics to collectd discord: Sending alerts and notifications to Discord elasticsearch2: Sending messages directly to Elasticsearch version 2.0 or higher (DEPRECATED) elasticsearch-http: Sending messages to Elasticsearch HTTP Bulk API file: Storing messages in plain-text files graphite: Sending metrics to Graphite Sending logs to Graylog hdfs: Storing messages on the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) Posting messages over HTTP http: Posting messages over HTTP without Java kafka: Publishing messages to Apache Kafka (Java implementation) kafka-c(): Publishing messages to Apache Kafka using the librdkafka client (C implementation) loggly: Using Loggly logmatic: Using Logmatic.io mongodb(): Storing messages in a MongoDB database mqtt() destination: sending messages from a local network to an MQTT broker network: Sending messages to a remote log server using the RFC3164 protocol (network() driver) osquery: Sending log messages to osquery's syslog table pipe: Sending messages to named pipes program: Sending messages to external applications pseudofile() python: writing custom Python destinations redis: Storing name-value pairs in Redis riemann: Monitoring your data with Riemann slack: Sending alerts and notifications to a Slack channel smtp: Generating SMTP messages (email) from logs snmp: Sending SNMP traps Splunk: Sending log messages to Splunk sql: Storing messages in an SQL database stomp: Publishing messages using STOMP Sumo Logic destinations: sumologic-http() and sumologic-syslog() syslog: Sending messages to a remote logserver using the IETF-syslog protocol syslog-ng(): Forward logs to another syslog-ng node tcp, tcp6, udp, udp6: Sending messages to a remote log server using the legacy BSD-syslog protocol (tcp(), udp() drivers) Telegram: Sending messages to Telegram unix-stream, unix-dgram: Sending messages to UNIX domain sockets usertty: Sending messages to a user terminal: usertty() destination Write your own custom destination in Java or Python Client-side failover
log: Filter and route log messages using log paths, flags, and filters Global options of syslog-ng OSE TLS-encrypted message transfer template and rewrite: Format, modify, and manipulate log messages parser: Parse and segment structured messages
Parsing syslog messages Parsing messages with comma-separated and similar values Parsing key=value pairs JSON parser XML parser Parsing dates and timestamps Python parser Parsing tags Apache access log parser Linux audit parser Cisco parser Parsing enterprise-wide message model (EWMM) messages iptables parser Netskope parser panos-parser(): parsing PAN-OS log messages Sudo parser Websense parser Fortigate parser Check Point Log Exporter parser Regular expression (regexp) parser db-parser: Process message content with a pattern database (patterndb)
Correlating log messages Enriching log messages with external data Statistics of syslog-ng Multithreading and scaling in syslog-ng OSE Troubleshooting syslog-ng Best practices and examples The syslog-ng manual pages Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License Glossary

tcp(), tcp6(), udp() and udp6() source options: OBSOLETE

NOTE: The tcp(), tcp6(), udp(), and udp6() drivers are obsolete. Use the network() source and the network() destination instead. For details, see network: Collecting messages using the RFC3164 protocol (network() driver) and network: Sending messages to a remote log server using the RFC3164 protocol (network() driver), respectively.

To convert your existing tcp(), tcp6(), udp(), udp6() source drivers to use the network() driver, see Change an old source driver to the network() driver.

Change an old source driver to the network() driver

To replace your existing tcp(), tcp6(), udp(), udp6() sources with a network() source, complete the following steps.

  1. Replace the driver with network. For example, replace udp( with network(

  2. Set the transport protocol.

    • If you used TLS-encryption, add the transport("tls") option, then continue with the next step.

    • If you used the tcp or tcp6 driver, add the transport("tcp") option.

    • If you used the udp or udp driver, add the transport("udp") option.

  3. If you use IPv6 (that is, the udp6 or tcp6 driver), add the ip-protocol(6) option.

  4. If you did not specify the port used in the old driver, check network() source options and verify that your clients send the messages to the default port of the transport protocol you use. Otherwise, set the appropriate port number in your source using the port() option.

  5. All other options are identical. Test your configuration with the syslog-ng --syntax-only command.

    The following configuration shows a simple tcp source.

    source s_old_tcp {
    tcp(
        ip(127.0.0.1) port(1999)
        tls(
            peer-verify("required-trusted")
            key-file("/opt/syslog-ng/etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.key")
            cert-file('/opt/syslog-ng/etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.crt')
        )
    );
};

    When replaced with the network() driver, it looks like this.

    source s_new_network_tcp {
    network(
        transport("tls")
        ip(127.0.0.1) port(1999)
        tls(
            peer-verify("required-trusted")
            key-file("/opt/syslog-ng/etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.key")
            cert-file('/opt/syslog-ng/etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.crt')
        )
    );
};

unix-stream, unix-dgram: Collecting messages from UNIX domain sockets

The unix-stream() and unix-dgram() drivers open an AF_UNIX socket and start listening on it for messages. The unix-stream() driver is primarily used on Linux and uses SOCK_STREAM semantics (connection oriented, no messages are lost), while unix-dgram() is used on BSDs and uses SOCK_DGRAM semantics: this may result in lost local messages if the system is overloaded.

To avoid denial of service attacks when using connection-oriented protocols, the number of simultaneously accepted connections should be limited. This can be achieved using the max-connections() parameter. The default value of this parameter is quite strict, you might have to increase it on a busy system.

Both unix-stream and unix-dgram have a single required argument that specifies the filename of the socket to create. For the list of available optional parameters, see unix-stream() and unix-dgram() source options

Declaration:
unix-stream(filename [options]);
unix-dgram(filename [options]);

NOTE:syslogd on Linux originally used SOCK_STREAM sockets, but some distributions switched to SOCK_DGRAM around 1999 to fix a possible DoS problem. On Linux you can choose to use whichever driver you like as syslog clients automatically detect the socket type being used.

Example: Using the unix-stream() and unix-dgram() drivers
source s_stream {
    unix-stream("/dev/log" max-connections(10));
};
source s_dgram {
    unix-dgram("/var/run/log");
};

UNIX credentials and other metadata

Starting with syslog-ng OSE 3.6, the unix-stream() and unix-dgram() sources automatically extract the available UNIX credentials and other metainformation from the received log messages. The syslog-ng OSE application can extract the following information on Linux and FreeBSD platforms (examples show the value of the macro for the su - myuser command). Similar information is available for the systemd-journal source.

Table 10: UNIX credentials available via UNIX domain sockets
Macro Description
${.unix.cmdline} The name (without the path) and command-line options of the executable belonging to the PID that sent the message. For example, su - myuser
${.unix.exe} The path of the executable belonging to the PID that sent the message. For example, /usr/bin/su
${.unix.gid} The group ID (GID) corresponding to the UID of the application that sent the log message. Note that this is the ID number of the group, not its human-readable name. For example, 0
${.unix.pid}

The process ID (PID) of the application that sent the log message. For example, 774.

Note that on every UNIX platforms, if the system() source uses sockets, it will overwrite the PID macro with the value of ${.unix.pid}, if it is available.

${.unix.uid} The user ID (UID) of the application that sent the log message. Note that this is the ID number of the user, not its human-readable name. For example, 0
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