Safeguard for Privileged Sessions On Demand Hosted

The One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) web interface can authenticate users to an external LDAP database to simplify the integration of SPS to your existing infrastructure. You can also specify multiple LDAP servers, so that if the first server becomes unavailable, SPS can try to connect to another server.

NOTE: Consider the following:

Local users, including the admin user, are available by default.
The admin user has every privilege and cannot be deleted.
SPS accepts both pre-Windows 2000 style and Windows 2003 style User Principal Names (UPNs). UPNs consist of a username, the at (@) character, and a domain name, for example administrator@example.com.
For SSH usernames, SPS supports only valid UTF-8 strings.
The following characters cannot be used in:
- user names: /\[]:;|=+*?<>"
- group names: /\[]:;|=+*?<>"@,
When using RADIUS authentication with LDAP users, the users are authenticated to the RADIUS server; however, their group memberships are managed in LDAP. For details, see "Authenticating users to a RADIUS server" in the Administration Guide.
If the matching rule for an attribute is case insensitive in the LDAP database, SPS treats user names and group names in a case insensitive manner.

Prerequisites

Make sure that the response timeout of the LDAP/Active Directory server is set to a minimum of 120 seconds.

To configure an LDAP server

Navigate to Users & Access Control > Login options > Manage AD/LDAP Servers.
Select the LDAP server from the list. Alternatively, if no LDAP server exists yet, click Add new server and select the server type you want to create:
- Active directory
  
  For more information, see Adding a new Active Directory server.
- POSIX LDAP
  
  For more information, see Adding a new POSIX LDAP server.

Adding a new Active Directory server

This section describes how to configure Active Directory (AD) servers.

To create a new Active Directory (AD) server

To create a Microsoft Active directory server, navigate to Users & Access Control > Login options > Manage AD/LDAP Servers, click Add new server and select Active directory.

Figure 85: Users & Access Control > Login Options > Manage AD/LDAP Servers — Active Directory
In the Name field, enter the server name.

Enter the IP address/hostname and the port of the LDAP server in the respective text boxes.

Consider the following when specifying the address information:

If you want to encrypt the communication between SPS and the LDAP server, use the following port numbers:
- For TLS, specify 636 as the port number.
- For STARTTLS, specify 389 as the port number.
Use an IPv4 adress or a hostname.
To add multiple servers, click and enter the address of the next server. If a server is unreachable, SPS will try to connect to the next server in the list in failover mode.
When you configure the location of the LDAP server, that is, the IP address or hostname and the port number, you can use a Service record (SRV record), which is a type of information record in the DNS that maps the name of a service to the DNS name of the server. SRV records have the following format: _ldap._tcp.<SITE_NAME>._sites.dc._msdcs.<DOMAIN.NAME> in the Address field. SPS looks up the SRV record during committing the configuration change.

For more information on SRV records, see the relevant Microsoft documentation.

Caution:

If you connect to the LDAP server over a TLS-encrypted connection with certificate verification, you must fill the Address field with a name or IP address, which must be present in the certificate.

Configure AD settings.

To also check group membership based on group Distinguished Names (DNs) in a user attribute, select Enable checking for group DNs in user objects and enter the name of the user attribute, for example, memberOf in the User attribute of group DNs field.

Caution:

If you have too many groups, using this option significantly slows down logging in to the SPS web interface.

Use this option only if you have an LDAP schema where the user groups can only be determined from a user attribute that contains the group DNs.

To enable nested groups, select Enable AD group membership check, then Enable nested groups.

Caution:
Nested groups can slow down the query and cause the connection to timeout if the LDAP tree is very large. In this case, disable the Enable nested groups option.
To check for group membership based on user DNs in group attributes, use the Check the user DN in these groups option.

For more information, see Active Directory LDAP backend.

Configure the options of the Distinguished Names field.
- In the User Base DN field, enter the name of the DN to be used as the base of queries regarding users (for example: OU=People,DC=demodomain,DC=exampleinc).
  
  NOTE: This field is mandatory. You can use the same value for the User Base DN and the Group Base DN settings.
  
  To speed up LDAP operations, specify a sufficiently narrow base for the LDAP subtrees where users and groups are stored.
- In the Group Base DN field, enter the name of the DN to be used as the base of queries regarding groups (for example: OU=Groups,DC=demodomain,DC=exampleinc).
  
  NOTE: This field is mandatory. You can use the same value for the User Base DN and the Group Base DN settings.
  
  To speed up LDAP operations, specify a sufficiently narrow base for the LDAP subtrees where users and groups are stored.
- In the Bind DN field, enter the Distinguished Name that SPS must use to bind to the LDAP directory (for example: CN=Administrator,DC=demodomain,DC=exampleinc).
  
  NOTE: SPS accepts both pre Windows 2000-style and Windows 2003-style account names, or User Principal Names (UPNs). For example, administrator@example.com is also accepted.
Configure the Set shared secret option.

To configure or change the password to use when binding to the LDAP server, click Set password, enter the password, and click Update.
NOTE: One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) accepts passwords that are not longer than 150 characters and supports the following characters:
- Letters A-Z, a-z
- Numbers 0-9
- The space character
- Special characters: !"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<>=?@[]\^-`{}_|

If you want to encrypt the communication between SPS and the LDAP server, in Encryption, select the TLS or the STARTTLS option and verify the certificate of the server.

NOTE: TLS-encrypted connection to Microsoft Active Directory is supported only on Windows 2003 Server and newer platforms. Windows 2000 Server is not supported.

If you want SPS to verify the certificate of the server, under Certificate requirements, select Trust Store.

In the Trust Store field, select a trust store.

SPS will use the selected trust store to verify the certificate of the server, and reject the connections if the verification fails.
To add a new trust store, click New trust store.

For more information, see Verifying certificates with Certificate Authorities using trust stores.

Caution:

SPS checks if the certificate revocation list (CRL) has expired and that the CRL has been signed by the same certificate authority (CA).

Caution:

If you connect to the LDAP server over a TLS-encrypted connection with certificate verification, you must fill the Address field with a name or IP address, which must be present in the certificate.

If the LDAP server requires mutual authentication, that is, it expects a certificate from SPS, enable Authenticate as a client. Generate and sign a certificate for SPS, upload the certificate and its private key, and click Save.

TIP: One Identity recommends using 2048-bit RSA keys (or stronger).

To save your modifications, click Commit.

NOTE: You must configure the usergroups in SPS, and possibly in your LDAP database. For details on using usergroups, see Using usergroups.

Adding a new POSIX LDAP server

This section describes how to configure POSIX LDAP servers.

To create a new POSIX LDAP server

To create a POSIX LDAP server, navigate to Users & Access Control > Login options > Manage AD/LDAP Servers, click Add new server and select POSIX LDAP.

Figure 86: Users & Access Control > Login Options > Manage AD/LDAP Servers — POSIX LDAP
In the Name field, enter the server name.

Enter the IP address/hostname and the port of the LDAP server in the respective text boxes.

Consider the following when specifying the address information:

If you want to encrypt the communication between SPS and the LDAP server, use the following port numbers:
- For TLS, specify 636 as the port number.
- For STARTTLS, specify 389 as the port number.
Use an IPv4 adress or a hostname.
To add multiple servers, click and enter the address of the next server. If a server is unreachable, SPS will try to connect to the next server in the list in failover mode.
When you configure the location of the LDAP server, that is, the IP address or hostname and the port number, you can use a Service record (SRV record), which is a type of information record in the DNS that maps the name of a service to the DNS name of the server. SRV records have the following format: _ldap._tcp.<SITE_NAME>._sites.dc._msdcs.<DOMAIN.NAME> in the Address field. SPS looks up the SRV record during committing the configuration change.

For more information on SRV records, see the relevant Microsoft documentation.

Caution:

If you connect to the LDAP server over a TLS-encrypted connection with certificate verification, you must fill the Address field with a name or IP address, which must be present in the certificate.

Configure POSIX settings.

If your LDAP server uses a custom POSIX LDAP scheme, you might need to set which LDAP attributes store the username, or the attributes that set group memberships. For example, if your LDAP scheme does not use the uid attribute to store the usernames, set the Username (user ID) attribute name option.

In addition to the primary group membership checking, you can allow checking for supplementary group memberships by selecting Enable POSIX group membership check and specifying the POSIX group membership attribute name field.

To also check group membership based on group Distinguished Names (DNs) in a user attribute, select Enable checking for group DNs in user objects. Then, enter the name of the user attribute (for example, memberOf) in the User attribute of group DNs field, and objectClass (for example, groupOfNames) in the Group objectClass field.

Caution:

If you have too many groups, using this option significantly slows down logging in to the SPS web interface.

Use this option only if you have an LDAP schema where the user groups can only be determined from a user attribute that contains the group DNs.

To check for group membership based on user DNs in group attributes, use the Check the user DN in these groups option.

For more information, see POSIX LDAP backend.

For an overview about LDAP user and group resolution in SPS, see Overview.

Configure the options of the Distinguished Names field.
- In the User Base DN field, enter the name of the DN to be used as the base of queries regarding users (for example: OU=People,DC=demodomain,DC=exampleinc).
  
  NOTE: This field is mandatory. You can use the same value for the User Base DN and the Group Base DN settings.
  
  To speed up LDAP operations, specify a sufficiently narrow base for the LDAP subtrees where users and groups are stored.
- In the Group Base DN field, enter the name of the DN to be used as the base of queries regarding groups (for example: OU=Groups,DC=demodomain,DC=exampleinc).
  
  NOTE: This field is mandatory. You can use the same value for the User Base DN and the Group Base DN settings.
  
  To speed up LDAP operations, specify a sufficiently narrow base for the LDAP subtrees where users and groups are stored.
- In the Bind DN field, enter the Distinguished Name that SPS must use to bind to the LDAP directory (for example: CN=Administrator,DC=demodomain,DC=exampleinc).
  
  NOTE: SPS accepts both pre Windows 2000-style and Windows 2003-style account names, or User Principal Names (UPNs). For example, administrator@example.com is also accepted.

If you want to encrypt the communication between SPS and the LDAP server, in Encryption, select the TLS or the STARTTLS option and verify the certificate of the server.

NOTE: TLS-encrypted connection to Microsoft Active Directory is supported only on Windows 2003 Server and newer platforms. Windows 2000 Server is not supported.

If you want SPS to verify the certificate of the server, under Certificate requirements, select Trust Store.

In the Trust Store field, select a trust store.

SPS will use the selected trust store to verify the certificate of the server, and reject the connections if the verification fails.
To add a new trust store, click New trust store.

For more information, see Verifying certificates with Certificate Authorities using trust stores.

Caution:

SPS checks if the certificate revocation list (CRL) has expired and that the CRL has been signed by the same certificate authority (CA).

Caution:

If you connect to the LDAP server over a TLS-encrypted connection with certificate verification, you must fill the Address field with a name or IP address, which must be present in the certificate.

If the LDAP server requires mutual authentication, that is, it expects a certificate from SPS, enable Authenticate as a client. Generate and sign a certificate for SPS, upload the certificate and its private key, and click Save.

TIP: One Identity recommends using 2048-bit RSA keys (or stronger).

To save your modifications, click Commit.

NOTE: You must configure the usergroups in SPS, and possibly in your LDAP database. For details on using usergroups, see Using usergroups.

Overview

Access control in SPS is based on groups. Whenever a user needs to access a protected resource, like navigating to a configuration page on the SPS web interface, or opening a channel in a connection, SPS checks the access control list associated with the resource in question.

The access control lists grant access to groups. Therefore, SPS needs to determine which groups the user is a member of to evaluate the access rules.

When you configure SPS to use an LDAP backend, SPS will:

Identify the user. For more information, see User identification below.
Determine the relevant groups the user is a member of. For more information, see Group membership resolution below.

User identification

SPS works with plain usernames, for example, administrator. This must be unambiguously resolved to an LDAP user object in order to determine the user’s groups. If a user identification returns multiple results, SPS treats this as an error, and access to the user in question is denied.

Only the user object returned in this phase is used for group membership checks, and not the original plain username.

User resolution depends on the type of the backend (POSIX or Active Directory).

For more information, see the backend-specific sections below.

Group membership resolution

SPS works with plain group names, for example, superusers. For group membership checks, SPS looks up a relevant group object in LDAP and checks if the user object returned during user identification is a member of that group. Since some of the group object’s attributes are always used for group membership checks, the group object must also exist in LDAP.

Group membership resolution depends on the LDAP backend type.

For more information, see the backend-specific sections below.

Safeguard for Privileged Sessions On Demand Hosted - Administration Guide

Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) users from an LDAP database

Prerequisites

Adding a new Active Directory server

Adding a new POSIX LDAP server

Overview

User identification

Group membership resolution

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Safeguard for Privileged Sessions On Demand Hosted - Administration Guide

Managing One Identity Safeguard for Privileged Sessions (SPS) users from an LDAP database

Prerequisites

Adding a new Active Directory server

Adding a new POSIX LDAP server

Overview

User identification

Group membership resolution